Patent Process Timeline.
Explore the journey of protecting an innovation globally. Each stage in the patent process has key decisions and milestones. This scrollable timeline outlines the typical pathway for IP-focused companies with international ambitions.
Stage 1
Idea (Confidential)
Day 0
Document your invention and keep it confidential.
This is the origin point of your IP journey. Capture and document your invention. Ensure all communications are protected with NDAs before discussing the idea externally.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Feasibility & IP Relevance Check
Evaluate whether the idea has commercial potential and IP value worth protecting.
Stage 2
Provisional Application Filed
Month 0
Secure your priority date with a provisional application.
File a provisional patent application to lock in a priority date. This gives you 12 months to refine the invention, assess commercial potential, and prepare for international protection.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Decision to Invest in IP Protection
Assess readiness to enter the formal IP process and allocate budget to move forward.
Estimated cost
$8,000–$12,000 NZD
Stage 3
PCT Application Filed
Month 12
Begin the international patent process.
File under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) to extend protection internationally. This gives you access to over 150 countries and an extra 18 months to make key decisions.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
International Protection Commitment
Decide if global IP rights are essential for commercial strategy and worth the investment.
Stage 4
PCT Search Report Issued
~16 Months
Receive a global assessment of your patent’s strength.
An international search authority issues a report evaluating the novelty and inventiveness of your idea. This provides early insights into patentability across jurisdictions.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Assessment of Patentability
Review search report to determine whether to proceed or revise your strategy.
Stage 5
National Phase Entry
~30 Months
Choose which countries to protect your invention in.
Decide which specific countries to pursue full patents in. Costs vary widely depending on translation, legal fees, and objections.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Global Filing Strategy Decision
Determine which jurisdictions align with commercial goals and budget.
Estimated cost
$5,000–$50,000 NZD
Stage 6
Patent Office Examination
~4 Years
Respond to examination and refine your claims.
Each country’s patent office will examine your application. You may need to respond to objections or amend your claims during this prosecution phase. Work closely with your attorney to maintain alignment with your commercial goals.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Respond to Office Actions
Evaluate whether to continue prosecution, amend the application, or withdraw.
Stage 7
Patent Granted
~5 Years
Patent granted — you now hold enforceable rights.
If successful, your patent is granted in each jurisdiction. This gives you the exclusive right to use, license, or enforce your invention.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Final IP Validation
Align internal and external stakeholders around how to use the granted rights.
Stage 8
Annual Renewals
Years 5–20
Pay annual fees to maintain your patent.
To keep your patent active, annual renewal fees must be paid in each country. If you stop paying, the patent expires and rights are lost.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Ongoing Value Review
Reassess if continued protection is worth the cost across each region.
Stage 9
Patent Expiry
Year 20
Patent protection ends after 20 years.
Your patent expires 20 years after the PCT filing date. After expiry, your invention enters the public domain and can be used freely by others.
Go
No-Go
Checkpoint
Milestone
Commercial Legacy Strategy
Evaluate new opportunities based on expired IP and plan forward-looking innovation pathways.
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